%% =====================================================
%%   CHAPTER 0
%% =====================================================

\chapter{GUIDELINE FOR THESIS WRITING} % Write in your own chapter title
\label{Chapter:0}
%\lhead{CHAPTER 0. GUIDELINE FOR THESIS WRITING} % Write in your own chapter title to set the page header

%========================================================================================
\section{Don't Worry}
%========================================================================================

This ``\LaTeX{} Thesis Template'', is very easy to use for writing a thesis.

\LaTeX{} facilitates in writing high quality, professionally typeset documents that run to hundreds or thousands of pages long. One of its main strengths is the way it can typeset equations those are the most horribly twisted. It automatically generates:
\begin{itemize}
    \item Title Page,
    \item Fixes the margins,
    \item Sets headers and footers,
    \item Table of Contents,
    \item List of Figures,
    \item List of Tables,
    \item Equations, Figures and Tables Numbers
    \item Updates Equations, Figure, Table and Bibliographic referencing
    \item Bibliography
    \item Index at the end \ldots many more
\end{itemize}
and above all keeps the formatting consistent, beautiful and worth presentable.

\subsection{\LaTeX{} eBooks} \index{Books}
%========================================================================================
Further, four most useful (free) eBooks downloaded from various websites are given here in \textbf{eBooks on LaTeX} folder for your help. You can go through and/or refer to them as and when required. Just for beginner here are some points to \index{remember} remember in reference to \LaTeX{}, after one or two page typesetting these become obvious:
\begin{itemize}
\item Backslash ($\backslash$) is used to write \LaTeX{} commands. If you need to use backslash in your text, you should write \$$\backslash$backslash\$.
\item Curl Braces ({\{ or \}}) are used to pass arguments to \LaTeX{} commands. For using them in text put backslash before as $\backslash$\{ or $\backslash$\}.
\item Dollar Sign (\$) is used to write mathematics in line. However, Dollar sign can be used in text as $\backslash$\$.
\item Ampersand (\&) is distinguish column in the tables. However, this can also be used in text similar to Dollar sign as $\backslash$\&
\item Bibtex file (.bbl) may require to be updated (Accessories $\rightarrow$ BibTex) if some references are removed or formatting style is changed.
\item Similarly, index Files (.idx) required to be updated (Accessories $\rightarrow$ Make Index) sometimes.
\item If some error occurs during compilation then some output \LaTeX{} files, e.g, .pdf, .aux etc., may get corrupted. Before recompilation, remove errors in .tex file and erase all output files (Tools $\rightarrow$ Erase Output Files) to avoid inconvenience.
\item You need not to remember any command for mathematical symbols. These all are given in WinEdt Toolbar. Just click and use within \$ signs or equation environments.
\end{itemize}

\subsection{Required Software to be Installed}
%========================================================================================
The best thing is that its all \index{freeware} freeware available on internet. You need to install followings on you PC/Laptop
\begin{itemize}
    \item \textbf{MikTex 2.8} (\LaTeX{} Software) --- You need to download from www.miktex.org (Size 780MB) or get it from your department office.
    \item \textbf{JabRef 2.5} (Bibtex Utility Software) --- Given here in the \textbf{Primitives} folder as size is smaller. JabRef 2.5 sometimes requires to be updated from internet after installation.
    \item \textbf{WinEdt 2.5} (Latex Text Editor) --- As size is smaller it is given herewith in the \textbf{Primitives} folder with Registration Key in text file.
\end{itemize}

%========================================================================================
\section{Personalize the `\texttt{Thesis.cls}' File}\index{Personalize}     \label{FillingFile}
%========================================================================================
You will need to personalize the thesis template and make it your own by filling in your own information. This is done by editing the lines numbers 155-170 (shown below) of the `\texttt{Thesis.cls}' file in any text editor.

\begin{scriptsize}
\begin{tabbing}
\%============================================================\\
\%========================PERSONALIZE THIS TEXT===================\\
\%============================================================\\
$\backslash$UNIVERSITY  \= : \=  \{$\backslash$texorpdfstring\{$\backslash$href\{http:$\backslash$$\backslash$www.dcrustm.ac.in\}\\
                        \>  \>\{$\backslash$textbf\{MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY\}$\backslash$$\backslash$ ROHTAK - 124001 (HR) INDIA\}\}\\
                        \>  \>\{$\backslash$textbf\{MAHARSHI DAYANAND UNIVERSITY\}$\backslash$$\backslash$ ROHTAK - 124001 (HR) INDIA\}\}\\
$\backslash$COLLEGE     \>  \>\{\}\\
$\backslash$DEPARTMENT  \>  \>\{Electrical Engineering Department\}\\
$\backslash$SUBJECT     \>  \>\{Instrumentation \& Control\}\\
$\backslash$ROLLNO      \>  \>\{316049601\}\\
$\backslash$SUPERVISOR  \>  \>\{$\backslash$texorpdfstring\{$\backslash$href\{jssain@rediffmail.com\}\{Dr. J. S. Saini\}\}\{Dr. J. S. Saini\}\}\\
$\backslash$DESIGNATION \>  \>\{Professor \& Chairman, EED\}\\
$\backslash$DEGREE      \>  \>\{DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY\}\\
\%============================================================\\
\%========================PERSONALIZE THIS TEXT===================\\
\%============================================================
\end{tabbing}
\end{scriptsize}

%========================================================================================
\section{Personalize the `\texttt{Thesis.tex}' File}\index{Personalize}
%========================================================================================

The \texttt{Thesis.tex} file contains the structure of the thesis. Initially there seems to be a lot of \LaTeX{} code, but this is all formatting, you don't have to do it yourself.

Begin by personalizing the title page by filling your own TITLE (line number 43), AUTHORS-name-email (line number 44), and KEYWRODS (line number 45) in the TEX preamble. Author can enable any of the two following options for documentclass as per requirements (and same in bibliography section) in line number 20-25.

\begin{scriptsize}
\% OPTION 1 (AUTHOR-YEAR BIBLIOGRAPHY)\\
\%$\backslash$documentclass[a4paper, 12pt, oneside]\{Thesis\}\\
\%$\backslash$usepackage[square, comma, authoryear, sort\&compress]\{natbib\}\\
\% OPTION 2 (IEEE FORMAT BIBLIOGRAPHY)\\
$\backslash$documentclass[a4paper, 12pt, oneside]\{Thesis\}\\
$\backslash$usepackage[square, numbers, comma, sort\&compress]\{natbib\}\\
\end{scriptsize}

Next comes the declaration, abstract, and acknowledgements, etc. Double click on the respective \textbf{$\backslash$input} and modify as you like. Declaration page requires changes in author name, title and supervisor name, otherwise its ok. Do not forget to acknowledge your parents, partners and supervisor in acknowledgements page.

The table of contents, list of figures and list of tables are all taken care of for you and no need to create or edit manually.

For Abbreviations and Notations, an \textbf{Front Matter Tables.xls} file is given herewith. Keep on updating both sheets as you write your thesis. Copy and paste in respective \texttt{.tex} files, after sorting in MS excel itself, as and when you need to compile finally.

Thesis chapter(s) can be included or excluded just by putting/removing \% sign in/from the start of respective line(s). This helps in handling longer thesis easily.

After the preamble, chapters and appendices finally comes the bibliography. The bibliography style (called `\texttt{IEEEtran}') is used for the bibliography and is a fully featured style that will even include links to where the referenced paper can be found online. Do not under estimate how grateful you reader will be to find that a reference to a paper is just a click away.

%========================================================================================
\section{Thesis Features and Conventions}\label{ThesisConventions}
%========================================================================================
To get the best out of this template, there are a few conventions that you may want to follow. One of the most important and most difficult things is to remember changes required to be done in thesis like long documents. You can prepare a ToDo.doc file for keeping track of things to do that makes the job easier. Of course, all of these are optional and you can adopt your own method.

\subsection{Printing Format}
%========================================================================================
This thesis template is designed for single sided printing as most theses are printed and bound this way. This means that the left margin is always wider than the right (for binding). The headers for the pages contain the page number on the right side (so it is easy to flick through to the page you want) and the chapter name on the left side.

The text is set to 12 point and a line spacing of 1.3. Generally, it is much more readable to have a smaller text size and wider gap between the lines than it is to have a larger text size and smaller gap. Again, you can tune the text size and spacing should you want or need to. The text size can be set in the options for the `$\backslash$\texttt{documentclass}' command at the top of the `\texttt{Thesis.tex}' file and the spacing can be changed by setting a different value in the `$\backslash$\texttt{setstretch}' commands (scattered throughout the `\texttt{Thesis.tex}' file).

\subsection{Common Grammatical Mistakes} \index{Grammatical Mistakes}
%========================================================================================
Following are some of the common mistakes that are generally committed by the students while writing their Dissertation report and thus to be avoided:
\begin{itemize}
\item[1.] \textbf{Spacing between words and punctuation marks}: The spacing between words and punctuation marks (comma, colon, semicolon, apostrophe's, underscore, hyphen, etc.) should be proper. One may take care of followings:
    \begin{itemize}
        \item no space between a word and the proceeding comma or full stop,
        \item space after and before `\&' or `and',
        \item space before and after a dash but no space before and after hyphen.
        \item Dash is used as a separator or to indicate the meaning of the proceeding clause, and
        \item hyphen is used as a connector between two words.
    \end{itemize}
\item[2.] \textbf{Sentence making}:
    \begin{itemize}
        \item The sentence must have some meaning, noy only implicit to the author but also clear/explicit to the reader, e.g., ``Now we set the length of a chromosome as following terms:\ldots'' The sentence is not meaningful. Instead, the correct sentence could be ``Now we set the chromosome length as follows:\ldots''
        \item The sentence should normally not be very lengthy with so many commas or other punctuation marks, etc. The sentence must be to the point and crisp.
        \item The sentence should always start with the first letter of first word as capital. There should not ne any capital letter(s) unnecessarily in between the sentence, except proper nouns, symbols, abbreviations, etc., e.g., ``Holmblad L.P. and osttergaard\ldots'' the first letter of the name must be capital, so it be Ostergaard
    \end{itemize}
\item[3.] \textbf{Vocabulary}: The student must focus on this point too because if vocabulary is not precise, the sentence can't bear proper meaning, e.g., complex rather than complexive, etc. In case of words with similar meaning (e.g., estimation/approximation/detection etc.), select the best suited word for the sentence.
\item[4.] \textbf{Grammatical mistakes}: It includes the proper use tense, helping verbs, etc. The proper noun, i.e., name of any specific person, animal, place, river, etc. should start with a capital letter, e.g., ``We learned\ldots'' (it should be ``We learnt\ldots'') and ``Now we sets\ldots'' (it should be ``Now we set\ldots'')
\item[5.] \textbf{Spelling mistakes}: The student should confirm about the spellings, if in doubt, from the standard dictionary, e.g., ``The gas is then passed trough rotary air heater.'' (Here wrong spelling of ``through'' is used as ``trough'').
\item[6.] \textbf{Use of Symbols \& Abbreviations}: If symbols are to be used in the text, they must be defined prior to use and there must be proper presentation of symbols with consistent subscripts and/or superscripts, if any, e.g., ``X(t0)'' is wrong it should be ``$X(t_0)$''. ``$t$--time'', ``$t$--dummy integration variable''. As the meaning of the symbol $t$ is different at these two places, so there must be separate notation for the variable carrying different meanings. All abbreviated terms and used symbols may be expanded in a Abbreviations and Notations respectively, to be placed just before Table of Content.
\item[7.] \textbf{Text Formation}:
    \begin{itemize}
        \item To make the text precise and meaningful, there should not be any duplicacy of sentence and the text should be duly paragraphed.
        \item Each chapter should have a soft start and a soft wind up, i.e., each chapter have an Introduction section at the start and a Conclusion section at the end of the chapter.
        \item All the tables and figure must be captioned properly.
        \item To show continuity used only $\backslash$ldots (3 dots).
        \item Typing error should especially be taken care of.
        \item The use of the first person should be avoided, e.g., ``I attempted the use of casual knowledge in modeling the plant.'' should better be rephrased as: ``In this dissertation or chapter, the use of casual knowledge has been attempted in modeling the plant.''
        \item We refer past literature in papers, however, should be discussed using Present Tenses only rather than Past Tenses.
        \item Last Sentence of the abstract should point out conclusions, improvements and/or findings etc. Maximum efforts should be made to write positive sentence, even if it is negative.
        \item No sentence should start with ``Because'' word. If require, ``As'' word should be used.
        \item Clauses should remain within commas. Check sentence conveys proper meaning, if we remove clause.
        \item Special care should be taken for singular and/or plural objects/subjects.
    \end{itemize}
\item[8.] \textbf{Evidential text}: The text should itself should speak or provide all the information, i.e., whatever you have done, there must be evidence or proof of that work in your text. Claiming about anything without proof is always considered as fake, e.g., ``A new robust neuro-fuzzy controller for autonomous and intelligent robot manipulations has been design'' is a fake statement or a shallow claim unless proof or evidence is given for the design. ``See the section on loop tuning'' shall be false or fake statement if there is no section of loop tuning given by the candidate.
\item[9.] \textbf{Units citation}: The units must be put at all their requisite places because without units, the data can have ambiguous meaning.
\item[10.] Do not use double quotes etc. around equation numbers, just braces are sufficient.
\item[11.] \textbf{Other technical mistakes}: The student should gather proper technical information before writing the dissertation. The wrong information present wrong impression about one's work and abilities, e.g., If some kind of data is given in the text then it must be significant to the text otherwise useless extension of the text should be avoided.
\item[12.] One may even refer to the IEEE Guidelines for Authors submitting paper to IEEE Journals.
\end{itemize}

%========================================================================================
\section{Useful Entries}
%========================================================================================
\subsection{References}
%========================================================================================
The `\texttt{natbib}' package is used to format the bibliography and inserts references such as this one. The options used in the `\texttt{Thesis.tex}' file mean that the references are listed in numerical order as they appear in the text. Multiple references are rearranged in numerical order and multiple, sequential references become reformatted to a reference range. This is done automatically for you.

References should come \emph{after} nearer the word or clause is referred to, e.g., ``Fuzzy sets of type-2 are simplified by Mendel \cite{Mendel2002}''. Multiple citations in different square brackets can also be specified, e.g., ``Many research studies has been reported on type-2 fuzzy sets \cite{Mendel2006, Karnik2001a, Mutneja2008, Mizumoto1976, Zadeh1965}'' or multiple citations can come in single set of  square brackets, e.g., ``Many research studies has been reported on type-2 fuzzy sets \cite{Karnik1999, Mendel2006, Karnik2001a, Mutneja2008, Mizumoto1976, Zadeh1965}.''

The footnotes\footnote{Such as this footnote, here down at the bottom of the page.} can also enrich your document. Footnotes themselves should be full, descriptive sentences (beginning with a capital letter and ending with a full stop).

%========================================================================================
\section{Figure}
%========================================================================================
Let's discuss how user can include \index{figures} into his/her THESIS. I suggest the following: figure should be prepared or inserted in MS Word 2007 (resize page or figure to fit in page fully), convert into pdf and then inserted into tex file as follows:

% Figure Example
\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=3.5in]{Chapter0/Figures/electron.pdf}
  \caption{Figure Caption Here - Electron} \label{fig:1}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Refering a Figure}
%========================================================================================
One can refer to a figure in \TeX file Fig.~\ref{fig:1}

%========================================================================================
\section{Table}
%========================================================================================
Many a times we got to design \index{tables} in our THESIS. Here it is the way

% Table Example
\begin{table}[!h]
\centering
\caption{Table Caption Here} \label{Tab:1}
\begin{tabular}{|c|l|}
\hline
\textbf{Transformation}     &   \textbf{Equation}\\
\hline
$\Phi \rightarrow \Phi'$    &   $\Phi'=\Phi+\sin^{-1}[(v/d).\sin \theta_T]$\\
\hline
$x \rightarrow x'$          &   $x'=x+d.\cos\Phi+v.\cos\gamma-d.\cos\Phi'$\\
\hline
$y \rightarrow y'$          &   $y'=y+d.\sin\Phi+v.\sin\gamma-d.\sin\Phi'$\\
\hline\end{tabular}
\end{table}

alternatively, tables can be prepared in MS Office and inserted into tex as figure. For example

\begin{table}[htbp]
  \centering
  \caption{PSO simulation results for 2000 iterations}\label{tab:PSOSim}
    \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth]{Chapter0/Figures/electron.pdf}
\end{table}

\subsection{Refering a Table}
%========================================================================================
Refer to any table using label as Table~\ref{Tab:1} or Table~\ref{tab:PSOSim}

%========================================================================================
\section{Equation}
%========================================================================================
% Equation Example 1
\ldots when Einstein introduced his formula
\begin{equation} \label{Eq:1}
    e = m \cdot c^2 \;
\end{equation}

Eq.~\ref{Eq:1} is at the same time the most widely known and the least well understood physical formula.

% Equation Example 2
\ldots from which follows Kirchhoff’s current law:
\begin{equation} \label{Eq:kvl}
    \sum_{k=1}^{n} I_k = 0 \; .
\end{equation}
Kirchhoff’s voltage law can be derived \ldots (refer Eq.~\ref{Eq:kvl})

\subsection{Refer Equation}
One can refer to any equation using label specified by the Eq~\ref{Eq:3}.

% Equation Example 3
\ldots which has several advantages.
\begin{equation}
\label{Eq:3}
I_D = I_F - I_R
\end{equation}
is the core of a very different transistor model. \ldots

%========================================================================================
\section{Index Terms}
%========================================================================================
To specify any word in the THESIS index as \index{Thesis}Thesis

%========================================================================================
\section{Common Mistakes}
%========================================================================================
Dr. J. S. Saini has prepared some guideline for writing quality matter. User can refer to these guidelines for improvements.


%========================================================================================
\section{Template Folders}
%========================================================================================
\textbf{Appendices} -- this is the folder where you put the appendices. Each appendix should go into its own separate `\texttt{.tex}' file.

\textbf{BackMatter} -- this is folder that contain all the material that is required at the end of thesis, e.g., Reference.bib, Resume.tex and authors photo, etc.

\textbf{Chapter$X$} -- these are the folder where you put the thesis chapters. A thesis usually has about seven chapters ($X=1,2...7$), though there is no hard rule on this. Each chapter should go in its own separate `\texttt{.tex}' file and they usually are split as:
\begin{itemize}
    \item Chapter1: Introduction to the thesis topic
    \item Chapter2: Background information and theory
    \item Chapter3: (Laboratory) experimental setup
    \item Chapter4: Details of experiment 1
    \item Chapter5: Details of experiment 2
    \item Chapter6: Discussion of the experimental results
    \item Chapter7: Conclusion and future directions
\end{itemize}

\textbf{Chapter$X$/Figures} -- this folder in the $X$th chapter folder that contains the all figures related to Chapter$X$ of the thesis. These are the final \textbf{pdf} images that will go into the thesis document.

\textbf{FrontMatter} -- this is folder that contain all the material that is required before the thesis Chapters start, e.g., Abreviattion.tex, Abstract.tex, Acknowledgement.tex, Declaration.tex, Logo.pdf, and Notation.tex, etc.

\textbf{eBooks on LaTeX} -- Four useful eBooks on \LaTeX{} are given in this folder to help the authors.

\textbf{Missing Packages} -- Some useful packages are provided herewith those may be missing in installed software.

\textbf{Primitives} -- this is the folder that contains scraps, particularly because one final image in the `Figures' folder may be made from many separate images and photos, these source images go here. This keeps the intermediate files separate from the final thesis figures.


%========================================================================================
\section{Other \LaTeX{} Files in Main Folder}
%========================================================================================

Included are also several files, most of them are plain text and you can see their contents in a text editor. Luckily, many of them are auxiliary files created by \LaTeX{} or BibTeX and which you don't need to bother about:

\textbf{Bibliography.bib} -- this is an important file that contains all the bibliographic information and references that you will be citing in the thesis for use with BibTeX. You can write it manually, but there are reference manager programs available that will create and manage it for you. Bibliographies in \LaTeX{} are a large subject and you may need to read about BibTeX before starting with this.

\textbf{Thesis Todo List.txt} -- this is a Todo list that provides a simple way to track the thesis progress and also helps you see what parts need attention. Inside is a structured layout for you to enter all this information. Do not try to fill it out all at once, but write the tasks in as you come across them i.e.\ write an entry for a figure that needs creating only when you refer to or write about it (and hence need to place it) in the thesis text.

\textbf{Thesis.cls} -- this is an important file. It is the style file that tells \LaTeX{} how to format the thesis. You will also need to open this file in a text editor and fill in your own information (such as name, department, institution). Luckily, this is not too difficult and is explained in section \ref{FillingFile} on page \pageref{FillingFile}.

\textbf{Thesis.pdf} -- this is your beautifully typeset thesis (in the PDF file format) created by \LaTeX{}.

\textbf{Thesis.tex} -- this is an important file. This is the file that you tell \LaTeX{} to compile to produce your thesis as a PDF file. It contains the framework and constructs that tell \LaTeX{} how to layout the thesis. It is heavily commented so you can read exactly what each line of code does and why it is there. After you put your own information into the `\texttt{Thesis.cls}' file, go to this file and begin filling it in -- you have now started your thesis!

\textbf{vector.sty} -- this is a \LaTeX{} package, it tells \LaTeX{} how to typeset mathematical vectors. Using this package is very easy and you can read the documentation on the site (you just need to look at the `\texttt{vector.pdf}' file):\\
\href{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/vector/}{\texttt{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/vector/}}

\textbf{lstpatch.sty} -- this is a \LaTeX{} package required by this LaTeX template and is included as not all \TeX{} distributions have it installed by default. You do not need to modify this file.

Files that are \emph{not} included, but are created by \LaTeX{} as auxiliary files include:

\textbf{Thesis.aux} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by \LaTeX{}, if it is deleted \LaTeX{} simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file.

\textbf{Thesis.bbl} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by BibTeX, if it is deleted, BibTeX simply regenerates it when you run the main tex file. Whereas the `\texttt{.bib}' file contains all the references you have, this `\texttt{.bbl}' file contains the references you have actually cited in the thesis and is used to build the bibliography section of the thesis.

\textbf{Thesis.blg} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by BibTeX, if it is deleted BibTeX simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file.

\textbf{Thesis.lof} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by \LaTeX{}, if it is deleted \LaTeX{} simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file. It tells \LaTeX{} how to build the `List of Figures' section.

\textbf{Thesis.log} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by \LaTeX{}, if it is deleted \LaTeX{} simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file. It contains messages from \LaTeX{}, if you receive errors and warnings from \LaTeX{}, they will be in this `\texttt{.log}' file.

\textbf{Thesis.lot} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by \LaTeX{}, if it is deleted \LaTeX{} simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file. It tells \LaTeX{} how to build the `List of Tables' section.

\textbf{Thesis.out} -- this is an auxiliary file generated by \LaTeX{}, if it is deleted \LaTeX{} simply regenerates it when you run the main `\texttt{.tex}' file.


So from this long list, only the files with the `\texttt{.sty}', `\texttt{.bib}', `\texttt{.cls}' and `\texttt{.tex}' extensions are the most important ones. The other auxiliary files can be ignored or deleted as \LaTeX{} and BibTeX will regenerate them.

%========================================================================================
\section{In Closing}
%========================================================================================

You have reached the end of this mini-guide. You can now rename or overwrite this pdf file and begin writing your own `\texttt{Chapter1.tex}' and the rest of your thesis. The easy work of setting up the structure and framework has been taken care of for you. It's now your job to fill it out! If you use this Thesis template and this mini-guide helps you, please let me know\footnote{Email: \href{mailto:satvir15@gmail.com}{satvir15@gmail.com} all comments and suggestions, questions and errata are welcome.}.

Good luck and have lots of fun!

\begin{flushright}
Satvir Singh Sidhu
\end{flushright}
